Updated Jun. 25, 2026

Colossus 1

Memphis, Tennessee, United States

Colossus 1 is an operational AI data center in Memphis, TN, USA, with AI chips owned by SpaceXAI and used by Anthropic. It hosts about 276k H100-equivalent chips — supported by an estimated 425 MW of IT power — at an estimated capital cost of $12.9 B. We estimate that it uses Nvidia H100, Nvidia H200, and Nvidia B200 chips. The timeline of power and compute capacity is based on satellite imagery, our cooling equipment power model, company disclosures, and regulatory filings. In May 2026, Anthropic signed an agreement with SpaceX to use all of Colossus 1’s compute capacity.

OWNER SpaceXAI STATUS Operational USER Anthropic
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Satellite imagery

Latest: Feb. 13, 2026 · 4 high-res images
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Scale & specifications

CURRENT COMPUTE

276k H100-eq

5.46e20 8-bit OP/s

CURRENT IT POWER

425 MW

PROJECTED POWER

425 MW

CURRENT COST

$12.9 B

PROJECTED COST

$12.9 B

HardwareNvidia H100, Nvidia H200, Nvidia B200

CoolingEvaporative cooling tower

Buildout

Apr 24, 20240

Construction starts with a road added on site, retrofitting a former Electrolux building.

Aug 11, 2024
Compute
25kH100-eq
Power
45MW
Cost
$1.3B
Sep 2, 2024
Compute
100kH100-eq
Power
181MW
Cost
$5.3B
Feb 17, 2025

150k H100s and 50k H200s online. This is roughly when Musk said, plus on this date they reported "running jobs with 150K+ GPUs".

Compute
200kH100-eq
Power
361MW
Cost
$10.5B
Mar 6, 2025

Second substation almost connected (red cables)

Compute
200kH100-eq
Power
361MW
Cost
$10.5B
Jul 22, 2025

30k B200s added (in GB200 configuration).

Compute
276kH100-eq
Power
442MW
Cost
$12.9B
Sep 17, 2025

Third substation looks completed, but it doesn't appear to be connected to the building yet. Some air-cooled chillers removed, while large cooling towers are added.

Compute
209kH100-eq
Power
348MW
Cost
$10.2B
Oct 19, 2025

There is still construction visible in the third substation yard and next to the new cooling towers.

Compute
209kH100-eq
Power
348MW
Cost
$10.2B
Nov 7, 2025

Third substation was expected to power the building in Fall.

Compute
276kH100-eq
Power
442MW
Cost
$12.9B
Feb 11, 2026

All air-cooled chillers have been disconnected and/or removed from the site, leaving only the cooling towers for cooling. The third substation looks complete, with red cables connected to the building.

Compute
276kH100-eq
Power
425MW
Cost
$12.9B
May 6, 2026

Anthropic announces their agreement with SpaceX to use all of the compute capacity at Colossus 1. They state that this corresponds to more than 300 MW (presumably IT power) and over 220,000 GPUs. This is slightly different to previous reports adding up to 230,000 GPUs, but still roughly consistent with our estimates.

Compute
276kH100-eq
Power
425MW
Cost
$12.9B

Sources

  1. May 2025 Electricity Provider Disclosure
  2. July 2025 Permit for Gas Turbines
  3. Southern Environmental Law Center Gas Permit Appeal, with additional satellite images
  4. Disclosure on X (formerly Twitter) by Elon Musk of the breakdown of GPUs
  5. Anthropic announcement

Read more about our methodology.